شاہین کمال کے افسانوں میں واحد متکلم کی تکنیک اور سقوط ڈھاکہ کے اثرات ، تجزیاتی مطالعہ

An Analytical Study of the First-Person Narrative Technique and the Effects of the Fall of Dhaka in the Short Stories of Shaheen Kamal

Abstract

This study analyzes the use of first-person narrative (wahid mutakallim) in Shaheen Kamal’s short stories and examines the impact of the Fall of Dhaka on her fiction. It highlights how her narratives, rooted in personal experience, create a strong sense of realism and emotional depth. The consistent use of first-person perspective allows readers to connect closely with the narrator’s inner feelings, though it may also limit multiple viewpoints. The paper explores how her stories document the suffering of Bihari communities and reflect historical trauma, displacement, and identity loss. Ultimately, Shaheen Kamal’s work is presented as a blend of fiction and lived reality, serving as a powerful literary record of a significant historical tragedy.

References in Roman Script:

1. Saleem Akhtar, Dr., Tanqeedi Istilahat, sanah nadarad, p. 215.
2. Ibid, p. 41.
3. Rekhta Lughat, https://www.rekhtadictionary.com/meaning-of-vaahid-mutakallim?lang=ur
4. Abdul Haq, Molvi, Qawaid-e-Urdu, Anjuman Taraqqi-e-Urdu Hind, New Delhi, 2007, p. 74.
5. Rabia Muqaddas, PhD Thesis, Urdu Afsanay Mein Wahid Mutakallim Ka Kirdar: Tajziyati Mutala‘a, National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, p. 15.
6. Farooqi, Shamsur Rahman, Afsanay Ki Himayat Mein, Maktaba Jamia Limited, New Delhi, 2006, p. 118.
7. Ibid
8. Shaheen Kamal, Katha Ujray Diyar Ki, Bazm-e-Takhleeq-e-Adab Pakistan, Karachi, 2023, pp. 17–18.
9. Aizan, p. 176.
10. Shaheen Kamal, Dhabbay Khoon-e-Jigar Kay, Guftagu Forum Publications, Lahore, 2026, pp. 34–35.
11. Ibid, p. 165.
12. Roznama Jang, Sunday Magazine, 24 May 2026, p. 18.
13. Shaheen Kamal, Dhabbay Khoon-e-Jigar Kay, p. 167.
14.  Ibid, p. 172.
15. Ibid, p. 166.
16. Ibid, p. 53.
17. 65.